RINTIHAN DARI PUSAKA USANG: GETIR HIDUP KAUM TANI DI SEMENANJUNG TANAH MELAYU 1935-1945
Abstract
Transformasi struktur-struktur sosial, ekonomi dan politik yang berlaku di bawah era kolonial di Semenanjung Tanah Melayu di abad ke-19 dan ke-20 tidak perlu dihuraikan dengan panjang lebar di sini. Banyak kajian-kajian terutamanya oleh ahli-ahli sejarah telah menyentuh secara mendalam perkara-perkara yang berkaitan. Apa yang jelas adalah kaum tani di bawah pemerintahan kolonial telah didedahkan kepada ekonomi pasaran dan penggunaan matawang yang meluas, dikelilingi oleh berbagai bentuk cukai yang perlu diselesaikan dengan cara tunai dan berhadapan dengan undang-undang dan peraturan-peraturan yang berkaitan dengan hakmilik persendirian. Tanah, umpamanya, telah menjadi satu barangan yang boleh dimiliki dan dijual di pasaran. Di dalam usaha mengeksploitasikan sumberdaya di Semenanjung Tanah Melayu jentera pentadbiran kolonial telah mewujudkan rangkaian jalanraya, keretapi, perkapalan dan telekomunikasi selain dari jabatan-jabatan yang khusus untuk kepentingan ekonomi mereka. Keseluruhan penduduk Semenanjung Tanah Melayu, sama ada rakyat tempatan atau mereka yang berhijrah masuk, tidak terlepas dari proses pembentukan susunan sosial dan ekonomi yang baru ini.
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